A standby system kept running at all times, ready to switch over the moment there's a failure.
A standby configuration kept running at all times, able to be promoted immediately when a failure occurs, minimizing switchover time. The opposite approach is a cold standby, which stays powered off and has to be started from scratch when a failure happens -- versus a hot standby, which is already running and can take over instantly. The choice comes down to a tradeoff between failover speed and cost.
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